Paphos has been inhabited since the Neolithic period. It was a centre of the cult of Aphrodite and of pre-Hellenic fertility deities. Aphrodite's legendary birthplace was on this island, where her temple was erected by the Myceneans in the 12th century B. The remains of villas, palaces, theatres, fortresses and tombs mean that the site is of exceptional architectural and historic value.
The mosaics of Nea Paphos are among the most beautiful in the world. Paphos wordt bewoond sinds de neolithische periode. Het was een centrum van de cultus van Aphrodite en pre-Helleense goden van de vruchtbaarheid. De legendarische geboorteplaats van Aphrodite was op dit eiland, waar haar tempel in de 12e eeuw voor Christus werd opgericht door de Mycenen.
Paphos, situated in the District of Paphos in western Cyprus, is a serial archaeological property consisting of three components at two sites: the town of Kato Paphos Site I , and the village of Kouklia Site II.
Because of their great antiquity, and because they are closely and directly related to the cult and legend of Aphrodite Venus , who under the influence of Homeric poetry became the ideal of beauty and love, inspiring writers, poets, and artists throughout human history, these two sites can indeed be considered to be of outstanding universal value. Paphos, which has been inhabited since the Neolithic period, was a centre of the cult of Aphrodite and of pre-Hellenic fertility deities.
The site is a vast archaeological area, with remains of villas, palaces, theatres, fortresses and tombs. The villas are richly adorned with mosaic floors that are among the most beautiful in the world. These mosaics constitute an illuminated album of ancient Greek mythology, with representations of Greek gods, goddesses and heroes, as well as activities of everyday life.
Criterion iii : Cyprus was a place of worship of pre-Hellenic fertility deities since the Neolithic period 6th millennium BC. Many of the archaeological remains are of great antiquity; the Temple of Aphrodite itself dates from the 12th century BC, and bears witness to one of the oldest Mycenaean settlements. The mosaics of Nea Paphos are extremely rare and are considered amongst the finest specimens in the world; they cover the Hellenistic period to the Byzantine period.
One of the keys to our knowledge of ancient architecture, the architectural remains of the villas, palaces, fortresses, and rock-hewn peristyle tombs of Paphos are of exceptional historical value. Criterion vi : The religious and cultural importance of the cult of Venus, a local fertility goddess of Paphos that became widely recognized and celebrated as a symbol of love and beauty, contributes to the Outstanding Universal Value of this property.
All the elements necessary to express the Outstanding Universal Value of Paphos are located within the boundaries of the ha serial property, including the remains of villas, palaces, theatres, fortresses, and the rock-hewn necropolis known as the Tomb of the Kings, as well as mosaics. Development pressures in the surroundings of the property that threaten to alter the landscape and setting are being dealt with through cooperation with other governmental departments and the local authorities.
Paphos is a town located at the southwest part of Cyprus. It was once the capital city of the country and one of the most important kingdoms on the island. Along with others, it was also a popular worshipping centre of the goddess Aphrodite. The town is divided into two levels: Paphos which is also known as Ktima which is where the shops and other facilities are, and Kato Paphos which is located towards the sea and is mainly a tourist area.
According to Loutatious, Paphos the son of Kyniras as the founder of Paphos. However Isadore believed that Paphos was built by Paphos the son of Tyfonos. New Paphos had met glorious days during the Hellenistic years as the centre of the governors in Cyprus which has also joined the kingdom of the Ptolemaic, Greek Kings of Egypt. During the Hellenistic years, Paphos became the capital of Cyprus. When Cyprus was taken over by the Romans in 58 B.
C it remains the centre of the Roman governors of the island. Temples, mansions, a theatre and odium and other impressive buildings were built as well as powerful walls around. The excellent and plentiful mosaic floors of Paphos which ae still being discovered prove the flourishment of the town which also suffered though many powerful earthquakes. In 45 A. Even though it is said that the Apostle Paul received thirty nine whip lashes in Paphos, he had spread Christianity towards the Roman governor Sergio Paul who accepted the new religion.
Therefore Cyprus became the first country in the world which was governed by a Christian. During the byzantine years Paphos lost to Salamina which was made the capital. The earthquakes and the Arab raids during the 7th and 10th centuries drove the town to its decline.
From the medieval years, the town began to be known with the name Ktima as it was a royal feud. It was the west port of Cyprus as well as the centre point of the Episcope. The town met its worst decline during the ruling of the Turks During the British rule, many projects were made where many refugees had moved due to the Turkish invasion. Today it is an iconic town as well as modern which has nothing to be jealous from other towns.
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